Textile roll



Oct. 11s

J. v H. PULLMAN TEXTILE ROLL n Filed March 51. 1926 PR Ess u n e nwrsNl TOR ATroRNEY Patented Cct. 11, 1927.

UNITED STATES JAMES E. PULLMVAN, OF FALL RIVER, MASSACHUSETTS.

TEXTILE ROLL.

Appncation med March 31, 1926. seriai No. 98,640.

My invention relates to textile rolls, and more particularly to top rolls having a yieldable covering composed mainly of cork wood.

Heretofore in the production of rolls for drawing, roving, spinning and various other types of textile machinery, used in the production of threads and yarns, it was long the practice to use leather covered rolls, and to the present day such rolls are very extensively used notwithstanding that rolls having various other materials for the covering thereof have been proposed and in some 1nstances have been used. Rolls have been used in vwhich composition cork alone or composition cork mixed with other substances have been used for the covering material, such covering material or cots having been formed either from strips of composition cork formed of granular cork and a binder, or from blocks of such cork.

In the production of composition cork used for this purpose as well as for other purposes, the cork is first granulated, and the granulated cork thoroughly admiXed with -a suitable binding solution before being placed Within a mould, and subjected to heavy pressure and heat in order to secure not only the desired intimate relation of contiguous cork granules, but to secure the setting of the binder While the cork granules are thus in the desired relation to each other. Owing to conditions of'manufacture of this granular composition cork, and to the fact that it is the common practice to use graded cork granules, it is necessary to subject the cork composition during the formation of the slabs to heavy pressure, thus tending to compress the various cork granules and particularly the granules of larger dimensions The cork granules used for composition cork will rarely be of a dimension greater than about one-eighth of an inch, the granules grading downward from. this to very small dimensions, but slightly greater than what is known as cork dust.

The composition cork heretofore used in textile rolls has always been this granular cork product. In actual practice granularv cork used as a covering for drawing or other textile rolls has the disadvantages that when the larger sized granules of cork are included in the composition, such granules are subjected to a higher degree of compression than smaller granules mixed therewith, and the resiliency inherent to cork will tend to Heck from the cut surface of the cork and thus cause a pitted surface.

In making drawing rolls with such cork, it is the invariable practice after the covering has been applied to the metallic core or arbor, to carefully grind the surface of the covering with the threefold object of truing up the surface, of bringing the roll to an accurate diameter, and removing surface imperfections such as the ebbled effect above referred to and the sur ace pits due to the flecking of granules from the surface of the cork. There is always likelihood, however, even with this grinding operation, of dislodging granules of cork at the surface during the finishing operation, and thus produce small depressions or pits. Even though a perfect roll is secured by the grinding operation, with continued use of the roll, wear thereon may cause dislodgement of the surface granules and the development of its.

It has beenl proposed to correct the above conditions by using granular cork composition cut from the slab in the direction of the applicationv of pressure to the composition cork when forming the slab, but with such material the surface of the covering still is granular throughout and liable to flecking and pitting.

Furthermore, with cork slabs made by the ordinary methods, the length of rolls which can be made is limited to the thickness of the cork slab, which rarely exceedsv one to four inches, owing to the fact that an eective compression of the cork composition cannot be secured with any greater nal thickness of the material. Hence the length of the rolls or the length of the operative surface thereof is limited to one to four inches. While with the use of a finer grade of cork granules, I am enabled to produce longer rolls from strips of composition cork,

-sliced from a slab in a direction transverse plication to the rolls, and considerable diiiiculty is experienced in securing a satisfactory product.

present at the surface of the roll, long, narrow areas extending parallel with or about the axis of the roll.

These particles may be united without subjecting different particles to a varying degree of compressibility, and offer very large areas to which the binder adheres extending radially and also longitudinally of the rolls.

In the completed rolls made from slabs of such cork, any expansion will be circumferentiall or substantially circumferentially of the rol, and not radially thereof. and the large surface area with which the binder coacts, extending radially of the roll, will minimize, if not entirely avoid, possibility of surface ffiecking or pitting during cutting of the composition cork slab preparatory to forming the surface of the roll, during the finishing'operation, in producing the roll, and during a continued use of the roll.' Furthermore the manner of producing the slabs from which the cork sheets are cut permits rolls of any desired length to be produced, it being possible to produce rolls as long as thirty inches or more with a substantially uniform resiliency throughout, and having a substantially smooth uniform surface which will ensure uniform quality in the threads or yarn produced in machines equipped with such rolls.

Notwithstanding an almost complete absence of grain in natural cork wood, the surfacing material above referred to, formed of composition cork, has a very decided, long, twisted grain such as is found in many of the harder woods, and in the finished product, this grain extends substantially parallel to the axis of the roll, thus having no effect of causing separation of lulf from the fibrous material being treated, due to a pinching of said material as a result of closing of the material of the cover for the roll upon said fibrous material as pressure is applied upon thematerial through the roll. Furthermore, this long grain ensures substantial uniform` ity in the pressure applied to the fibrous material at every point of the roll.

.In addition to the foregoing character istics, likelihood of spoilage of the rolls during theiriproduction is minimized, and the wearing qualities of the roll are much enhanced. Furthermore, the grinding incl dental to the nishing of the roll is not accompanied-by possibility of the formation of surface iecks or pits.

The invention consists primarily in a tex` tile roll having a resilient covering consisting of composition -cork composed of thin cork shavings bonded together, said shavings lying in planes extending substantially radially of the roll and having dimensions causing them to extend at least partially through the resilient covering; and in such other novel features of construction and combination of parts as are hereinafter set forth and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

Referring to the drawings,

Fig. 1 is an enlarged view of ay long textile v roll emboding the invention, broken away and shown partly in section;

Fig. 2 is a view of another form of roll emboding the invention; andl Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of a fragmentary portion of a slab from which the roll cover is sliced.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, the metallic portion of the roll and its arbors, is indicated at a. This core may be of any desired configuration to adapt the rolls to different types of textile machinery, rolls of two different sizes and forms being shown in the drawings. The length of the cover portion of a roll may vary from about one half an inch to the full length of a slab thirty or more inches, as stated. The resilient cover for the roll is composed of cork shavings known as cork wool b, such shavings being thin and varying in length from a quarter of an inch upwardly to any desired length, the width o1 the shavings ranging from an eighth to a quarter of an inch. The shavings, or cork wool, are intimately mixed with a gelatinous or other flexible binder and are charged within a mould and subjected to a sufficiently heavy pressure to force the various shavings into close intimate relation, so that the subsequent application of heat will firmly bond the shavings together through the setting of the binder. In charging the cork wool or cork shavings into the mould, the major portion of these shavings will assume a flatwisev position with relation to each other, so that in the completed product the edges of the separate shavings will be presented towards the opposite sides of the top and the bottom of the slab. This condition is indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The result is that when a sheet of from one-eigth to one-hall of an inchis cut from the top or the bottony of the slab, each of the shavings will extend throughout a considerable portion of, if not entirely through, this sheet, with the thin edges thereof exposed at the topv and bottom, the length of the shavings being such as to compression of the several shavings but in the compression of the mass of such as a whole. As a consequence the sheets cut from the slabs Will possess a resiliency approximating that of natural cork and this resiliency will be uniform throughout the sheet, the several shavings not having been so distorted by pressure during the formation of the material of the sheet as to produce unequal stresses in different portions of the mass.

A sheet thus cut from a slab is then cut with the grains of the sheet, or at right angles to the lower edge of the sheet shown in F ig. 3, into strips c of the desired Width to be Wrapped about the metallic portion a of thefroll. The edges of the strip are then joined preferably by means of a skived joint ci, the ends being united by means of any suitable cement. The strip c While being mounted upon the roll a is subjected to pressure from a mould in forming this joint and also to an elevated temperature.

i ln applying the strip c to a roll a, it is bonded to' the metal of the roll by means of a stratum e of adhesive, the heat and pressure ensuring the desired engagement of the strip with the metal of the roll and the setting of the cement stratum e and that at the joint ci.

This manner of forming the strip and applying it to the metallic roll, Will cause the grain of the covering to extend longitudinally, or axially, of the r'oll with narrow edges of the shavings presented out- Wardly thereof, since the various shavings lie in planes extending substantially radially of the roll. The Width of these shavings and the thickness of the strip c are such that the shavings will extend in some instances partially and in other instances Wholly through the thickness of the strip.

After the strip has thus been applied and bonded to the metallic roll, the outer surface thereof is ground olf to bring the finished roll to the desired diameter, give it true cylindrical form and impart the desired finish to the roll. This grinding operation will not tend to raise the grain of the covering and will not be accompzfnied by any ecking or pitting 'of the surface of the covering, mainly because of the length .and edgewise disposition ofthe shavings or the grained eiect resulting therefrom. After the'roll has been thus ground to the desired size and finish, it may, if desired, receive a thin superficialI coating of shellac or other suitable dressing.

The slabs or cork Wool ordinarily' are about thirty inches in length, sixteen to twenty inches in Width, and of a thickness of aboutv one to one and one-half inches, and the grain of the material of the slab Will run with the length thereof. Hence since the strips are cut with the grain, rolls as much as thirty inches in length may be readily made, and if it is desired to increase the length of the slab, rolls of still greater length may be made.

In the use of rolls embodying the invention, the fibrous material being AWorked in the textile machines Will pass transversely to the grain of the covering of composition cork, and this being a long. fine grain, there is no possibility of fluff being picked up by the roll `from the fibrous material passing thereunder. Furthermore, there Will be a uniform compacting action of the resilient roll With relation to this material.

yCork covered rolls have the advantage that the surfacing material is moisture repellent, and is subject to practically no expansion or contraction as a result of temperature changes. The surfacing material of a roll embodying my invention possesses throughout a degree of resiliency approximating that of natural cork, although unlike natural cork, it has a long and decided grain which precludes any possibility of the development of avpebbled surface during the production:

of the roll or as a result of prolonged Wear.

of the roll.

Furthermore, any expansion in Whole or in part of the composition corl covering after the completion of the roll, Will be substantially circumferentially thereof, and thus have a tendency to preserve the finish of the roll both as to its density and as to the preservation of the continuous cylindrical face thereof.

lt is not my intention to limit the invention to any particular thickness of the composition cork covering, or any particular formation of the metallic core or length of the covering upon said core, it being apparent that such may be'varied to adapt the invention to rolls of different lengths, required 1n different textile machines, and in the handling of dierent fibrous materials.

Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent, is

1. A textile roll having a resilient covering consisting of composition cork composed of thin cork shavvings bonded together, said shavings lying in planes extending substantially radially of the roll and having dimensions causin them to extend at least partially throng the resilient covering.

2. A textile roll having a resilient covering consisting of a strip composed of thin cork shavings bonded together, Wound about and bonded to a metallic core having arbors in a manner to cause the shavings to extend axially of the roll with the sides thereof lying in planes extending substantially radially thereof, and having the ends thereof bonded together7 the thickness of said strip being such that the shavngs Will extend at least partially through the resilient covering.

3. A textile roll having a resilient covering composed of a strip of composition cork sliced from a slab of such cork in the direction of the line of compression when forming the slab, said composition consisting of thin cork shavings bonded together, and the thickness of said strip being such that the shavings Will extend at least partially through the resilient covering, said strip being Wound about and bonded to a metallic core having arbors, and having the ends thereof bonded together, said strip being Wound .in the direction of the line of coinpression when forming the slab, whereby the edgesof the shavings are presented out Wardly of the roll and extend axially thereof, and the sides of the shavings occupy planes extending substantially radially of the roll.

4c. A textile roll having a resilient covering consisting of a strip of composition'cork composed of thin cork shavings bonded together, Wound about and bonded to a meta-llic core having arbors, said strip being Wound in a direction coinciding With the direction of the application of pressure in forming said composition cork, whereby any expansion of the cork Will be circumferentially of the roll, and the finished surface thereof Will be free from pits or irregularities due to flecking of the composition cork at the surface thereof.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature this 25th day of March, p

JAMES H. PULLMAN. 

